George David Birkhoff (March 21, 1884 – November 12, 1944) was an American mathematician, best known for what is now called the ergodic theorem. Birkhoff was one of the most important leaders in American mathematics in his generation, and during his prime he was considered by many to be the preeminent American mathematician.[1] His parents were David Birkhoff and Jane Gertrude Droppers.[2] The mathematician Garrett Birkhoff (1911–1996) was his son.